PENGKAJIAN KEBUTUHAN BELAJAR PERAWAT PENDIDIK DI KOMUNITAS UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN PROGRAM PENDIDIKAN BERBASIS WEB
Abstract
Latar Belakang :Menjadi seorang pendidik adalah salah satu tugas perawat, salah satu tujuannya adalah untuk mencetak generasi keperawatan yang lebih baik dimasa mendatang. Sayangnya kesempatan perawat untuk terus meningkatkan kualitas diri terutama melalui program pendidikan berkelanjutan terbatas, hal ini terutama untuk perawat yang bekerja di komunitas misalnya perawat puskesmas. Pendidikan berbasis web/daring merupakan salah satu solusi penyelenggaraan program pendidikan bagi perawat karena lebih fleksibel dalam waktu, tempat dan biaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran kebutuhan belajar bagi perawat komunitas yang juga berperan sebagai pendidik, hasil dari penelitian ini akan digunakan untuk merancang program pendidikan berbasis web/ daring. Metode : Survey online dilakukan dengan mengirimkan tautan kuisioner yang terdiri dari 10 pertanyaan. Tautan dibagikan melalui email dan grup whattsapp. Hasil : Survey diikuti oleh 50 partisipan. Mayoritas responden berjenis kelamin perempuan (78%) dan berusia diantara 30-39 tahun (56%). Jumlah lulusan diploma dan magister seimbang (38%) dan setengah dari responden bekerja di Puskesmas. Mayoritas responden (94%) memiliki pengalaman dalam membimbing mahasiswa praktek keperawatan tapi sayang hanya 68% dari responden pernah mendapatkan materi tentang pembelajaran klinik. Hampir seluruh responden (98%) tertarik untuk mengikuti program pendidikan online/daring dan mayoritas memilih waktu 60 menit untuk satu sesi pembelajaran dan terdapat 6 topik materi yang telah ditentukan. Kesimpulan : Perawat memiliki persepsi yang positif terhadap online learning dan bersedia menjadi peserta program e-learning. Topik pembelajaran klinik yang dipilih ada enam topik dengan lama waktu belajar 60 menit setiap topik. Metode pembelajaran akan banyak menggunakan studi kasus dengan pemberian umpan balik.
References
Alweshahi, Y., Harley, D., Cook ,DA. (2007). Students' perception of the characteristics of effective bedside teachers. Medical Teaching; (2-3):204-9.
Agardh, Emilie.E., Ahlbom, A., Anderson, T., Efendic, S., Grill, V., Hallqvist, J., et al. (Maret, 2003). Work stress and low sense of coherence is associated with type 2 diabetes in middle-aged Swedish women. Diabetes Care, 3(26), 719-724.
Bloomfield, J., Roberts, J. & While, A. (2010) The effect of computer- assisted learning versus conventional teaching methods on the acquisition and retention of handwashing theory and skills in pre-qualification nursing students: a randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 47 (3), 287–294.
Button, D., Harrington, A., Belan, I., 2013. E-learning & information communication technology (ICT) in nursing education: a review of the literature. Nurse Educ. Today 34 (10), 1311–1323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2013.05.002.
Chiu, S.C., et al. (2009) The effectiveness of interactive computer assisted instruction compared to videotaped instruction for teaching nurses to assess neurological function of stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 46 (12), 1548–1556.
Clynes, M.P., & Raftery, S.E. (2008). Feedback: An essential element of student learning in clinical practice. Nurse Education in Practice, 8, 405–411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2008.02.003
Du, S., Liu, Z., Liu, S., Yin, H., Xu, G., Zhang, H. & Wang, A. (2013) Web‐based distance learning for nurse education: a systematic review. International Nursing Review 60, 167– 177.
Edgecombe, K. Bowden, M. (2009). The ongoing search for best practice in clinical teaching and learning: a model of nursing students' evolution to proficient novice registered nurses. Nurse Education Practice; 9(2):91-101.
Fernández Alemán, J.L., Carrillo de Gea, J.M. & Rodríguez Mondéjar, J.J. (2011) Effects of competitive computer-assisted learning versus conventional teaching methods on the acquisition and retention of knowledge in medical surgical nursing students. Nurse Education Today, 31 (8), 866–871.
Gerdprasert, S., Pruksacheva, T., Panijpan, B. & Ruenwongsa, P. (2010) Development of a web-based learning medium on mechanism of labour for nursing students. Nurse Education Today, 30 (5), 464–469.
Horiuchi, S., et al. (2009) Evaluation of a web-based graduate continuing nursing education program in Japan: a randomized controlled trial. Nurse Education Today, 29 (2), 140–149.
Karaman, S., 2011. Nurses’ perceptions of online continuing education. BMC Med. Educ.11 (1), 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6920-11-86
Kassam, R. MacLeod, E., Collins, J., Tidball, J. (2011). Meeting the clinical education needs of community-based preceptors: An environmental scan to identify format and content for a new web-based resource. The Internet Journal Of Allied Health Sciences And Practice ; 9(2).
Kemenkes RI. (2017). Situasi Tenaga Keperawatan Indonesia.
Lu, D.F., Lin, Z.C. & Li, Y.J. (2009) Effects of a Web-based course on nursing skills and knowledge learning. The Journal of Nursing Education, 48 (2), 70–77.
McMullan, M., Jones, R. & Lea, S. (2011) The effect of an interactive e-drug calculations package on nursing students’ drug calculation ability and self-efficacy. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 80 (6), 421–430.
Moule, P., Ward, R., Lockyer, L., 2010. Nursing and healthcare students’ experiences and use of e-learning in higher education. J. Adv. Nurs. 66 (12), 2785–2795. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2010.05453.x.
Popil, I. (2011). Promotion of critical thinking by using case studies as teaching method. Nurse Education Today, 31, 204–207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2010.06.002
Smeekens, A.E., et al. (2011) Successful e-learning program on the detection of child abuse in emergency departments: a randomized controlled trial. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 96 (4), 330–334.
Terry, W. (2015). Generations Do Differ: Best Practices in Leading Traditionalists, Boomers, and Generations X, Y, and Z. Delta Kappa Gamma Bulletin; Austin Vol. 82, Iss. 1, :51-58.
Tung, F.C., Chang, S.C., 2008. A new hybrid model for exploring the adoption of online nursing courses. Nurse Educ. Today 28 (3), 293–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2007.06.003.
Yu, S., Yang, K.F., 2006. Attitudes toward web-based distance learning among public health nurses in Taiwan: a questionnaire survey. Int. J. Nurs. Stud. 43 (6),767–774. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2005.09.00.